CONTRIBUTION | DISCOVERED/INVENTED BY |
1. Interrelationship b/w genetic diversity & natural selection- Established | Murray (1972) |
2. Isolated and synthesized 3 polypeptides involved in the control of the anterior pituitary gland | Roger Guilleinin & Andrew Schally (1977) |
3. Isotope tracing | Hevesy G. (1923) |
4. IUD (Intrauterine Devices) for contraception | Richter (1909) |
5. Jumping genes (Transposons) | Mc Clintock |
6. Karyogamy during fertilization | Hertwig |
7. Klinefelter’s syndrome | Klinefelter (1922) |
8. Krebs’s cycle (Citric acid cycle) | Hans A. Krebs (1937) |
9. Ladder of nature or Scala nature (Great Chain of Being) | Aristotle (B.C 384-322) |
10. Largest chromosome number is for Ophioglossum reticulatum | Ninan C.A (Keralite) |
11. Leydig cells (interstitial cells) | Franz von Leydig (Germany) |
12. Life comes from life- proved | Francesco Redi |
13. Linkage and crossing over | Thomas Hunt Morgan |
14. Linkage of hereditary units | Bateson and Punnet (1906) |
15. LSD | Albert Hoffmann |
16. Lysosomes- discovered & named | de Duve (1955) |
17. Malaria parasites grow as cysts in Anopheles mosquito | Ronald Ross (1897) |
18. Malarial parasite (in Algiers, North Africa); Cause of Malaria | Charles Laveran (1880; French army surgeon) |
19. Microtome | His (1870) |
20. Microtubules | Robertis and Francis |
21. Milk pasteurization | Louis Pasteur |
22. Mitochondria | Kolliker (1857). In 1888 he isolated them |
23. Mitochondria- Observed | Altmann and C. Benda (1897) |
24. Mitochondria- Separated from the cell | Bensley R.R & Hoerr H.L (1934) |
25. Mitochondria: Isolated by ultracentrifugation | Claude A (1941) |
26. Mitosis- first account | A. Schelder (1873) |
27. Monoclonal antibodies | Niels, Kochlar & Milstein |
28. Morphine | Frederick Sirturner |
29. Mosquitoes transmits Malaria- Hypothesis | Manson (1894) |
30. MRI | Purcell and Bloch (1952) |
31. Mutation on agricultural plants | Gustafsson (1947) |
32. Mycobacterium leprae & Leprosy | Hansen (1873; Norway) |
33. Negri bodies in brain cells (it is diagnostic of Rabies) | Negri (1903; Italy) |
34. New cells originate from pre-existing cells | Rudolf Virchow (1858) |
35. Nitrogen cycle | Helriegel & Wilfarth (1888) |
36. Nucleic acids- Discovered and isolated | Friedrich Miescher (1869; Switzerland) |
37. Nucleolus (observed nucleolus from the skin of an eel) | Fontana F (1781) |
38. Nucleoplasm | Strasburger |
39. Nucleoproteins- Isolated from the pus cells | Miescher F (1870) |
40. Nucleotide sequence of alanine tRNA molecule of yeast | Holley R.M (1964) |
41. Nucleus of cell | Robert Brown (1831) |
42. Nucleus: Role in heredity | Herwig O. & Strasburger E (1885) |
43. Nurse culture technique (cellular totipotency) | Muir et al |
44. Oogenesis and spermatogenesis- Described | Boveri T. (1888) |
45. Oparin- Haldane theory: Experimentally proved | Harold C. Urey and Stanley Miller (1953) |
46. Open heart surgery | Walton Lillehal |
47. Origin of life on earth | Oparin A.I |
48. Ovarian follicle, mammal or human | R.V Graaf |
49. Ovary human- first described | Herophilus |
50. Ovum- Mammalian | Karl Von Baer (1827) |
51. Oxygen is released during photosynthesis | Priestly J & Ingenhouz J (1772) |
52. Paper chromatography (PPC) | Izmallow and Schraiber (1938) |
53. Parthenogenesis- Natural | Charles Bonnet (1745) |
54. Patau’s syndrome | Patau K. |
55. Penicillin | Alexander Fleming (1928) |
56. Phagocytosis: Role in immunity | Metchiinkoff (1882) |
57. Phase contrast microscope | Zernike (1955) |
58. Phosphocreatine: Role in muscle contraction | Eggleton (1927) |
59. Photophosphorylation in chloroplast | Arnon |
60. Phototherapy | Finsen N.R. |
61. Phylogeny: Molecular approach | Florkin M (1966) |
62. Pinocytosis | Lewis W.H (1931) |
63. Pituitary gland: Role in carbohydrate metabolism | Houssay (1924) |
64. Plague vaccine in India (as prophylactic measure against plague) | Haffkine (1898) |
65. Plants are made of cells | Shleiden M.J |
66. Plants have life | Boss J.C. |
67. Plastids | Ernest Haeckel (1866) |
68. Polio vaccine | Salk J. and Sabin (1957) |
69. Polymorphism and taxonomy | Ford E.B (1940) |
70. Poriferans (sponges) are animals | Ellis |
71. Presence of cristae in mitochondria- Showed | Palade G.E (1952) |
72. Prion | Prusiner (1997) |
73. Process of life | Romer A.S (1972) |
74. Proteinoid microsphere- Produced | Sydney Fox (1950) |
75. Protoplasm is a living matter in protozoans | Felix Dujardin (1835) |
76. Pteramycin | Finlay |
77. Purines and pyrimidines are equal amount in DNA | Chargaff E. (1950) |
78. Pyrosomes- Identified | Duve C. De (1952) |
79. Quantasomes in chloroplast | Park and Pon (1960) |
80. Quantitative inheritance | Koelreuter J.G (1763) |
81. Radioimmuno assay technique for the estimation of blood hormones | Rosalyn Talow (1977) |
82. RBC Described | Swammerdam (1658) |
83. Recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology | Cohen & Boyer (1973) |
84. Recombinant DNA- First | Berg P. (1972) |
85. Reflex action Concept | Hall (18330 |
86. Regeneration in Hydra & Sponge | Trambli, Vilson |
87. Regulatory genes | Jacob F and Monod (1961) |
88. Relationship between lactic acid and muscle contraction | Hopkins (1907) |
89. Reproductive system in flower | Grew (1682) |
90. Reserpine | Jall Vakil |
91. Respiration in animals - Showed its nature | Lavoisier (1778) |
92. Restriction endonuclease enzymes | Daniel Nathans, Hamilton O. Smith & Werner Arber (1978) |
93. Rh factor in blood | Land Steiner and Weiner (1940) |
94. Ribosomes (Animal cell) | Palade |
95. RNA directed DNA synthesis in some tumor viruses | Temin H.M (1963) |
96. RNA: Role in protein synthesis | Casperssoni and Brachet (1950) |
97. Role of environment on the Inheritance of acquired characters | Buffon |
98. Rust resistance high yielding wheat varieties | Borloug (1970) |
99. Sertoli cells | Enricho Sertoli (Italy) |
100. Sex chromosomes in grasshopper | Mc Clung C.E (1902) |
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