Cross fertilization of a phenotypically dominant individual with a hemozygous recessive individual is called a test cross. It helps in determining the homozygosity or heterozygosity of the dominant parent. When dominant homozygous parent is crossed with recessive, all the offspring will be dominant phenotypically. But when cross is between heterozygous dominant with recessive then half will be dominat and half recessive offspring are produced.
The result are shown diagrammatically in figure.
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